In the modern world, the development of a nation can’t go without nature recourse. Petrol can be one of the most important nature resources which are indispensable to our daily life. Apart from that, Nuclear is another word extremely sensitive. In the procedure of Nuclear/Petrol development and usage, it is highly possible to cause environmental problems. How to take advantage of these without damaging environment is a serious topic. Do international organizations have taken into account of it? Does there exist some kind of international convention to limit their activities in terms of law?

This August, I had the chance to visit the headquarters of IAEI - International Atomic Energy Agency and OPEC in Vienna. Having discussed these environmental topics with the staffs inside both headquarters, I would like to share what I learnt in the coming 2 articles on LJE.

This one, we will focus on IAEI, inside the UN Vienna’s headquarter.

IAEI is short for International Atomic Energy Agency. It is located in down town Vienne, as a part of United Nation, the center office is a part if the UN in Vienne.

The safe, secure and peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology are the major’s goal of the foundation of IAEI. Its key roles are to contribute the international peace and security, and to the world's Millennium Goals for social, economic and environmental development. As it is presented in the office, from 1944 to 1998, 2053 nuclear tests have been realized in the world, respectively are USA: 1032, Russia: 715, France 210, China 45, UK 45, India 4, Pakistan 2. Each time, the test will case huge damage in Environments and how to use it safely and sustainably is also a factor IAEI will work on. The department of Safety & Security is in charge of it.

• Safeties standers
Safeties standers are the international convention IAEI have developed in order to protect the Environment and Safety. All the concerned nuclear activities must respect these standers. These standers are mainly about Nuclear Power Plants, Fuel Cycle Plants, Research Reactors, Mining and Milling, Transport of Radioactive material, Application of Radiation Sources. These standers are agreed by all the membership countries.
A system of Safety Fundamentals is provided by IAEA. As the primary publication in the IAEA Safety Standards Series, Fundamental Safety Principles establishes the fundamental safety objective and principles of protection and safety. Basis and rationale for the safety standards for those persons at senior levels in government and regulatory bodies are standardized. The IAEA safety standards are applicable throughout the entire lifetime of facilities and activities – existing and new – utilized for peaceful purposes, and to protective actions to reduce existing radiation risks.


• Global Nuclear Safety and Security Framework (GNSSF)
In order to maintain the global framework and arriving a worldwide cooperation, GNSSF is founded within IAEA, a cornerstone for the effectiveness of the GNSSF is strengthening of networking.

• IAEA Nuclear Security Series
Apart from above initiatives, IAEI also publish a series of publication called Security Series. It is for the aim of prevention and detection of radiative materials. All the contents of these series are issued of Nuclear Security Fundamentals, Recommendations by member states, Implementing Guides, Technical Guidance. All IAEA Member States have been asked to publish a member of NSGC.

• International Atomic Energy Law
The International Nuclear legal regulation was founded with the establishment of the United Nations at the beginning, followed closely by the initial stage of the use of nuclear energy, the importance of international strategic, military, and economic development, also involving little-known Iron Curtain after the nuclear deterrent, and in-depth livelihood hot new energy development and cooperation, as well as the related legal system has yet been known to the public and even academics. "International Atomic Energy Law", reviewed from the perspective of international law, it is the first time on the international level to establish a legal regime for the use of nuclear energy.

After the visit, the staffs inside also introduced the importance of French as a language in IAEI, candidates with a French & English background will be privileged to try its future opportunities in IAEI.